2nd National Heart Valve Summit 2012
1. M Mode: 2 D, Doppler, 3D criteria
2. 2D area in short axis, non calcific lesions is accurate, narrowest area, direct measurement, in AF 3-5 beats and average, 3D biplane or full volume data
3. PG and MG, MG > 10 severe MS
4. PHT > 220 msec, MVA is 1 cm 2
5. Average of 3 beats in sinus rhythm and 5 beats in AF
6. Heart rate should be 6—80n when measuring pressure half time
7. When two slopes are present, use the mid late diastolic slope
8. Continuity equation: AR will affect the area, AF not reliable
9. PISAmethod can be used
10. Exercise hemodynamic in borderline cases , increase in MG and PAP means severe MS
MR
11. Jet area < 20% grade 1, 20-40% grade 2, > 40% grade 3
12. Eccentric jets look smaller
13. Vena contracta, narrowest portion of MR jet, < 3mm mild, > 7 mm severe MR, multiple jets not useful
14. PV flow, systolic reversal means severe MR
15. E > 1.5 sever MR
16. Asymmetric MR jet means severe MR
17. RV and ERO are the tests of choice
18. 3D echo useful in diagnosing sever MR.
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